Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Special Article

Statin Intake and Gastric Cancer Risk: An Updated Subgroup Meta-analysis Considering Immortal Time Bias: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(5):424-427. Published online August 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.209

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A retrospective record-linkage study (RLS) based on medical records containing drug prescription histories involves immortal time bias (ITB). Thus, it is necessary to control for this bias in the research planning and analysis stages. Furthermore, a summary of a metaanalysis including RLSs that did not control for ITB showed that specific drugs had a preventive effect on the occurrence of the disease. Previous meta-analytic results of three systematic reviews evaluating the association between statin intake and gastric cancer risk showed that the summary hazard ratio (sHR) of the RLSs was lower than 1 and was statistically significant. We should consider the possibility of ITB in the sHR of RLSs and interpret the results carefully.

Summary

Korean summary
이차자료를 활용하여 구축한 코호트 추적연구는 immortal time bias가 개입될 개연성을 염두에 두어야 한다. 이들 연구결과들을 제외한 메타분석 결과 스타닌 복용에 따른 위암발생 위험 감소는 관련성이 없다는 결과를 도출하였다.

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Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors use and the risk of gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shih-Wei Lai, Bing-Fang Hwang, Yu-Hung Kuo, Chiu-Shong Liu, Kuan-Fu Liao
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

COVID-19: Original Article

Sources of Infection Among Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in Jeju Province, Korea: Moonkyong Hwang, Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(4):245-250. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.286

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Jeju Province in Korea reported 627 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases between January 20, 2020, and March 31, 2021. This study analyzed the sources of infection among confirmed cases in Jeju Province, a self-governed island.
Methods
The sources of infection were broadly categorized as follows: (1) infections from overseas (confirmed patients who reported travel overseas or contact with overseas travelers); (2) infections from outside Jeju Province (confirmed patients who had visited other provinces or had contact with individuals who had traveled to other provinces in Korea); and (3) unknown sources of infection (confirmed patients who were infected following contact with an infected person whose source of infection was unknown). The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in the distributions of related variables for each source of infection.
Results
Of the 627 confirmed cases, 38 (6.1%) were infections from overseas sources, 199 (31.7%) were from outside of Jeju Province, and 390 (62.2%) were from unknown sources. Jeju Province had no cases with an unknown source of infection during the first and second waves of the nationwide outbreak.
Conclusions
Infections from overseas sources could be blocked from spreading to local communities in Jeju Province by conducting screening at the airport, along with the preemptive suspension of visa-free entry. In addition, considering the scale of the nationwide outbreak, measures must be established to delay outbreaks from unknown sources of infection caused by sources outside Jeju Province.

Summary

Korean summary
제주도 COVID-19 확진지의 감염원은 다음의 3가지로 대분할 수 있었다. (1) 해외유입 감염원: 해외 방문력이 있거나 해외 방문력이 있는 확진자와 접촉한 적이 있는 확진자; (2) 도외유입 감염원: 국내 타시도 방문력이 있거나 타시도 확진자와 접촉한 적이 있는 확진자; (3) 감염원 미상: 감염경로를 특정할 수 없는 도내 확진자와 이들과 접촉하여 확진자가 된 경우. 이중 해외유입군에 대하여는 선제적인 무비자 중지 결정과 함께 공항만에서의 선별검사를 시행하여 해외유입에 의한 지역사회 전파 가능성을 막을 수 있음을 확인하였다. 반면, 전국의 유행 크기와 맞물러, 도외 유입군으로 인한 감염미상군 발생 시점을 최대한 미룰 수 있는 방안들을 개발할 필요가 있겠다.

Citations

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The Impact of the South Korean Local Government's Public Health and Healthy Urban Planning Policies in Combating COVID-19
Fatih ULAŞAN
Kent Akademisi.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severe Disease of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Low Case Fatality Rate Region in Korea
Misun Kim, Jeong Rae Yoo, Sang Taek Heo, Hyang Ran Lee, Hyunjoo Oh
Infection & Chemotherapy.2021; 53(4): 718. CrossRef

COVID-19: Correspondence

Author Response: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Infectivity, and the Incubation Period: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(2):71-71. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.066

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PDF: Summary

COVID-19: Perspective

A Chinese Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Did Not Show Infectivity During the Incubation Period: Based on an Epidemiological Survey: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(2):67-69. Published online March 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.048

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Abstract Summary PDF

Controversy remains over whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus may have infectivity during the incubation period before the onset of symptoms. The author had the opportunity to examine the infectivity of COVID-19 during the incubation period by conducting an epidemiological survey on a confirmed patient who had visited Jeju Island during the incubation period. The epidemiological findings support the claim that the COVID-19 virus does not have infectivity during the incubation period.

Summary

Korean summary
잠복기 동안 제주도를 방문했던 중국인 COVID-19 확진자에 대한 역학조사를 수행하였다. 환자와 직접 접촉한 11명을 14일간 격리조치 하였는데, 이들 모두 격리해제까지 COVID-19 감염증상을 보이지 않았다. 이상의 역학조사 결과는 잠복기때는 감염력이 없다는 주장을 뒷받침한다.

Citations

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Presymptomatic, asymptomatic and post-symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2: joint British Infection Association (BIA), Healthcare Infection Society (HIS), Infection Prevention Society (IPS) and Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) guidance
Moira A. Mugglestone, Natasha V. Ratnaraja, Aggie Bak, Jasmin Islam, Jennie A. Wilson, Jennifer Bostock, Samuel E. Moses, James R. Price, Michael Weinbren, Heather P. Loveday, Lucy Rivett, Simon M. Stoneham, A. Peter R. Wilson
BMC Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A case of COVID-19 with an ultralong incubation period
Yujin Wang, Qingwen Wang, Kai Wang, Congkuan Song, ZiXin Guo, Weidong Hu
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.2021; 42(2): 242. CrossRef
Sources of Infection Among Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in Jeju Province, Korea
Moonkyong Hwang, Jong-Myon Bae
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2021; 54(4): 245. CrossRef
Airborne SARS-CoV-2: Weighing the Evidence for Its Role in Community Transmission
Samuel Pecho-Silva, Kovy Arteaga-Livias, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2020; 53(3): 178. CrossRef

Special Article

Introduction of Vaccinomics to Develop Personalized Vaccines in Light of Changes in the Usage of Hantaan Virus Vaccine (Hantavax^®) in Korea: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(5):277-280. Published online August 7, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.018

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of Korea made an official announcement in March 2018 that the total number of inoculations of Hantaan virus vaccine (Hantavax^®) would change from 3 to 4. Some aspects of this decision remain controversial. Based on the characteristics of Hantaan virus (HTNV) and its role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, it might be difficult to develop an effective and safe HTNV vaccine through the isolate-inactivate-inject paradigm. With the development of high-throughput ‘omics’ technologies in the 21st century, vaccinomics has been introduced. While the goal of vaccinomics is to develop equations to describe and predict the immune response, it could also serve as a tool for developing new vaccine candidates and individualized approaches to vaccinology. Thus, the possibility of applying the innovative field of vaccinomics to develop a more effective and safer HTNV vaccine should be considered.

Summary

Korean summary
신증후출혈열 (Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS)를 예방하기 위한 백신들이 여러 가지로 개발 중에 있지만, 한탄 바이러스 (Hantaan virus) 의 병원체 특성과 HFRS의 임상적 특성으로 효과적이고 안전한 백신 개발을 어렵게 하고 있다. 투여할 백신에 대한 ‘면역과정을 이해하고 백신효능을 예측하여’ 백신개발에 활용하는 백신체학의 적용을 적극 강구할 필요가 있다.

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Safety and Immunogenicity of an Andes Virus DNA Vaccine by Needle-Free Injection: A Randomized, Controlled Phase 1 Study
Grant C Paulsen, Robert Frenck, Kay M Tomashek, Rodolfo M Alarcon, Elizabeth Hensel, Ashley Lowe, Rebecca L Brocato, Steve A Kwilas, Matthew D Josleyn, Jay W Hooper
The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2024; 229(1): 30. CrossRef
Zoonotic Hantaviridae with Global Public Health Significance
Rui-Xu Chen, Huan-Yu Gong, Xiu Wang, Ming-Hui Sun, Yu-Fei Ji, Su-Mei Tan, Ji-Ming Chen, Jian-Wei Shao, Ming Liao
Viruses.2023; 15(8): 1705. CrossRef
Current Challenges in Vaccinology
Richard B. Kennedy, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Peter Palese, Gregory A. Poland
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Perspective

Proposal to Revise the Screening Test for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Close Contacts at Elementary Schools in Korea: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):272-275. Published online May 8, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.043

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: The 2018 National Guideline for Tuberculosis Control, which was published by the Korea Centers for Diseases Prevention and Control (KCDC), mandates conducting an epidemiological survey among close contacts of active tuberculosis patients at public institutions such as schools. In the procedure for these surveys, the tuberculin skin test (TST) is mandated as the screening test for latent tuberculosis infection in elementary school students. However, several guidelines recommend using the interferon-gamma releasing assay (IGRA) for contacts aged over 5 years with a Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination history. The main reason for this is that IGRA has a higher specificity and lower false positive rate than TST. In addition, IGRA requires only a single visit to draw blood and the results are available within 24 hours. These advantages could promote cooperation from both parents and students in conducting these surveys. Thus, these findings regarding the benefits of IGRA for surveys of close contacts at elementary schools should be incorporated into the KCDC guideline.; Summary

Korean summary
집단시설에서의 결핵환자 발생시 수행하는 역학조사 지침에는 잠복결핵감염자의 검진을 위해 초등학생에게 투베르쿨린 피부반응검사 (TST)를 시행하도록 되어 있다. 그러나, 6세 이상의 초등학생들은 필수적으로 BCG 예방접종을 받았다는 점과, 역학조사 수행의 협조 등을 고려할 때 TST 대신 인터페론감마 분비검사 (Interferon-gamma releasing assay, IGRA)를 우선 시행하는 것이 보다 더 근거중심적, 가치중심적 으로 타당하다.

Original Article

Incidence of Scarlet Fever in Children in Jeju Province, Korea, 2002-2016: An Age-period-cohort Analysis: Jinhee Kim, Ji-Eun Kim, Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(3):188-194. Published online April 24, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.299

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Outbreaks of scarlet fever in Mexico in 1999, Hong Kong and mainland China in 2011, and England in 2014-2016 have received global attention, and the number of notified cases in Korean children, including in Jeju Province, has also increased since 2010. To identify relevant hypotheses regarding this emerging outbreak, an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of scarlet fever incidence was conducted among children in Jeju Province, Korea.
Methods
This study analyzed data from the nationwide insurance claims database administered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service. The inclusion criteria were children aged ≤14 years residing in Jeju Province, Korea who received any form of healthcare for scarlet fever from 2002 to 2016. The age and year variables were categorized into 5 groups, respectively. After calculating the crude incidence rate (CIR) for age and calendar year groups, the intrinsic estimator (IE) method was applied to conduct the APC analysis.
Results
In total, 2345 cases were identified from 2002 to 2016. Scarlet fever was most common in the 0-2 age group, and boys presented more cases than girls. Since the CIR decreased with age between 2002 and 2016, the age and period effect decreased in all observed years. The IE coefficients suggesting a cohort effect shifted from negative to positive in 2009.
Conclusions
The results suggest that the recent outbreak of scarlet fever among children in Jeju Province might be explained through the cohort effect. As children born after 2009 showed a higher risk of scarlet fever, further descriptive epidemiological studies are needed.

Summary

Korean summary
제주도 아동의 성홍열 발생건수의 증가는 출생코호트 효과에 기인한 것으로, 특히 2009년도 이후 출생자의 발생률 증가가 있었다. 기존 연구와 다른 점은, 성홍열 환자 발생률이 가장 높은 연령대가 0-2세라는 점이다. 이에 대한 추가적인 기술역학연구가 필요하다.

Citations

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Epidemiological analysis of Group A streptococcus infection diseases among children in Beijing, China under COVID-19 pandemic
Hongxin Li, Lin Zhou, Yong Zhao, Lijuan Ma, Haihua Zhang, Yan Liu, Xiaoyan Liu, Jin Hu
BMC Pediatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Outbreaks of scarlet fever in kindergartens in Belgrade
Sonja Giljača, Slavica Maris, Nataša Rančić, Milutin Mrvaljević, Zorica Mrvaljević
Zdravstvena zastita.2022; 51(1): 57. CrossRef
Forecasting the monthly incidence of scarlet fever in Chongqing, China using the SARIMA model
W. W. Wu, Q. Li, D. C. Tian, H. Zhao, Y. Xia, Y. Xiong, K. Su, W. G. Tang, X. Chen, J. Wang, L. Qi
Epidemiology and Infection.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent increase in pertussis incidence in Korea: an age-period-cohort analysis
Chanhee Kim, Seonju Yi, Sung-il Cho
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Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Scarlet Fever in Zhejiang Province, China, 2004–2018
Qinbao Lu, Haocheng Wu, Zheyuan Ding, Chen Wu, Junfen Lin
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(18): 3454. CrossRef

Brief Reports

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Confirmed Cases of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Jeju Province, Korea, 2014-2018: Jinhee Kim, Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(3):195-199. Published online April 3, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.289

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Jeju Province is well known as the region showing the highest incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in South Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of SFTS patients in Jeju Province.
Methods
The primary data for this study were obtained from the Integrated Diseases and Health Control System of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDCIS). The selection criteria were confirmed cases of SFTS with a residence listed in Jeju Province at the time of diagnosis, reported to the KCDCIS between July 16, 2014 and November 30, 2018.
Results
Of 55 confirmed cases of SFTS, the case fatality rate was 10.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1 to 22.2). The most common presenting symptoms at diagnosis of severe fever, myalgia, and diarrhea had incidences of 83.6% (95% Cl, 71.2 to 92.2), 45.5% (95% Cl, 32.0 to 59.5), and 40.0% (95% CI, 27.0 to 54.1), respectively.
Conclusions
Compared to SFTS patients nationwide in 2013-2015, the subjects of this study exhibited a lower case fatality rate and had a lower incidence of severe fever, myalgia, and confusion.

Summary

Korean summary
2014-2018년 제주도 SFTS 환자의 치명률은 10.9% (95%CI: 4.1-22.2)로, 2014-2017년 전국 SFTS 환자의 치명률 19.3% (95%CI: 16.1-22.8)와 유사한 수준이다. 중국환자에 비하여 제주도 환자는 고열, 근육통, 혼수 발현률이 상대적으로 낮으며, 설사는 유사한 수준이었다

Citations

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Seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome using specimens from the Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey
Choon-Mee Kim, Mi Ah Han, Na Ra Yun, Mi-Seon Bang, You Mi Lee, Beomgi Lee, Dong-Min Kim, Eric H. Y. Lau
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2023; 17(3): e0011097. CrossRef
Analysis of fatal cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Jiangsu province, China, between 2011 and 2022: A retrospective study
Shuyi Liang, Wei Xie, Zhifeng Li, Nan Zhang, Xiaochen Wang, Yuanfang Qin, Changjun Bao, Jianli Hu
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiological and spatiotemporal analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Eastern China, 2011–2021
Shuyi Liang, Zhifeng Li, Nan Zhang, Xiaochen Wang, Yuanfang Qin, Wei Xie, Changjun Bao, Jianli Hu
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Diversity, Regional Distribution, and Clinical Characteristics of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Gangwon Province, Korea, a Highly Prevalent Region, 2019–2021
Mi-Young Moon, Hyeon Kyu Kim, Se-Jin Chung, Jae Hwan Byun, Ha-Na Kim, Woan Lee, Soon-Won Lee, Sezim Monoldorova, Sungkyeong Lee, Bo-Young Jeon, Eun-Joo Lim
Microorganisms.2023; 11(9): 2288. CrossRef
Clinical symptoms associated with fatality of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yao Wang, Zexuan Song, Xiaoying Xu, Xuemin Wei, Haowen Yuan, Hao Liang, Hongling Wen
Acta Tropica.2022; 232: 106481. CrossRef
Clinical manifestations of death with severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Xiankun Wang, Xingxiang Ren, Ziruo Ge, Shuping Cui, Lin Wang, Zhihai Chen, Di Tian
Journal of Medical Virology.2021; 93(6): 3960. CrossRef
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus: a highly lethal bunyavirus
Jing Li, Shen Li, Li Yang, Pengfei Cao, Jianhong Lu
Critical Reviews in Microbiology.2021; 47(1): 112. CrossRef
A new emerging pandemic of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS)
Divya Sharma, Mohit Kamthania
VirusDisease.2021; 32(2): 220. CrossRef
Application of a decision tree model in the early identification of severe patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Bohao Wang, Zhiquan He, Zhijie Yi, Chun Yuan, Wenshuai Suo, Shujun Pei, Yi Li, Hongxia Ma, Haifeng Wang, Bianli Xu, Wanshen Guo, Xueyong Huang, Sam R. Telford
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(7): e0255033. CrossRef
Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China
Haocheng Wu, Chen Wu, Qinbao Lu, Zheyuan Ding, Ming Xue, Junfen Lin, Elvina Viennet
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(4): e0008186. CrossRef
Hazardous alcohol consumption and aging synergistically increase the risk of death in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Yang-yang Zhang, Dong-xiao Liu, Wen-bo Fan, Jin-hong Yu, Li Liu, Wen-jun Du, Qiang Li
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2020; 11(6): 101505. CrossRef
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X. Y. Huang, Z. Q. He, B. H. Wang, K. Hu, Y. Li, W. S. Guo
Epidemiology and Infection.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Four Year Surveillance of the Vector Hard Ticks for SFTS, Ganghwa-do, Republic of Korea
Myung-Deok Kim-Jeon, Seung Jegal, Hojong Jun, Haneul Jung, Seo Hye Park, Seong Kyu Ahn, Jinyoung Lee, Young Woo Gong, Kwangsig Joo, Mun Ju Kwon, Jong Yul Roh, Wook-Gyo Lee, Young Yil Bahk, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 691. CrossRef

Notified Incidence of Tuberculosis in Foreign-born Individuals in Jeju Province, Republic of Korea: Dae Soon Kim, Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(1):66-70. Published online December 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.246

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Objectives
In the Republic of Korea (ROK), the notified incidence of tuberculosis in foreign-born individuals (NITFBI) has increased recently, as has the rate of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis in foreigners staying in the ROK. As Jeju Province in ROK has a no-visa entry policy, control programs for NITFBI should be consolidated. The aim was to evaluate the status of NITFBI, with a focus on the distribution of MDR/RR tuberculosis by nationality.
Methods
Data on tuberculosis incidence in individuals born in Jeju Province and in foreign-born individuals were extracted from the Korean Statistical Information Service of Statistics Korea, and the Infectious Disease Surveillance Web Statistics of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively.
Results
Among all notified incident cases of tuberculosis, the proportion of NITFBI increased from 1.46% in 2011 to 6.84% in 2017. China- and Vietnam-born individuals accounted for the greatest proportion of the 95 cases of NITFBI. Seven cases of MDR/RR tuberculosis were found, all involving patients born in China.
Conclusions
In Jeju Province, ROK, NITFBI might become more common in the near future. Countermeasures for controlling active tuberculosis in immigrants born in high-risk nations for tuberculosis should be prepared in Jeju Province, since it is a popular tourist destination.; Summary

Korean summary
제주도는 국제자유도시를 천명하면서, 30일 무비자 입국을 허용하고 있다. 이에 따라 외국인 결핵환자가 증가하고 있다. 제주도 결핵 신환자 신고 중 외국인의 분율은 2011년 1.46%에서 2017년 6.84%로 증가했으며, 약제 내성에 있어서는 총 7건이었다. 향후 제주도내 외국인 결핵환자 신고수가 증가하는 가운데 약제내성 결핵환자도 증가할 수 있음을 예측하고, 외국인에 대한 활동성 결핵관리 정책을 보완하고 지침을 강화할 필요가 있다.

Perspectives

Introduction of Phylodynamics for Controlling the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Korea: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(6):326-328. Published online October 22, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.150

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: As over 1000 new cases of HIV/AIDS occur in Korea annually, preventive health programs against HIV/AIDS are urgently needed. Since phylodynamic studies have been suggested as a way to understand how infectious diseases are transmitted and evolve, phylodynamic inferences can be a useful tool for HIV/AIDS research. In particular, phylodynamic models are helpful for dating the origins of an epidemic and estimating its basic reproduction number. Thus, the introduction of phylodynamics would be a highly valuable step towards controlling the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Korea.; Summary

Korean summary
국내 HIV/AIDS 신환자가 지속적으로 발생하고 있는 상황에서, 다른 나라에서는 HIV 감염관리에 계통역동학을 적용하고 있다. 이는 감염원과 감염경로를 알아내고, 기본재생산지수를 산출하도록 해주기 때문이다. 따라서 국내 HIV/AIDS 관리를 위해 계통역동학 적용을 적극 제안한다.”

Necessity of Epigenetic Epidemiology Studies on the Carcinogenesis of Lung Cancer in Never Smokers: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(5):263-264. Published online July 8, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.076

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Based on epidemiological and genomic characteristics, lung cancer in never smokers (LCNS) is a different disease from lung cancer in smokers. Based on current research, the main risk factor for LCNS may be air pollution. A recent case-control study in Koreans reported that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) may be a risk factor for LCNS. Additionally, a cohort study showed that exposure to NO2 was associated with significant hypomethylation. Thus, epigenetic epidemiology studies are needed in the near future to evaluate the carcinogenesis of LCNS according to chronic exposure to air pollution and/or viral infections.; Summary

Special Article

Researches of Epigenetic Epidemiology for Infections and Radiation as Carcinogen: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(4):169-172. Published online July 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.070

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

In recent years, a number of studies have been reported on the various types of cancer arising from epigenetic alterations, including reports that these epigenetic alterations occur as a result of radiation exposure or infection. Thyroid cancer and breast cancer, in particular, have high cancer burden, and it has been confirmed that radiation exposure or onco-viral infection are linked to increased risk of development of these two types of cancer, respectively. Thus, the environment-epigenetic alteration-cancer occurrence (EEC) hypothesis has been suggested. This paper reviews the trends in research supporting this hypothesis for radiation exposure and onco-viral infection. If more evidences accumulate for the EEC hypothesis from future research, those findings may greatly aid in the prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the thyroid cancer and breast cancer.

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Expression level and function analysis of serum miRNAs in workers with occupational exposure to benzene series
Kai Dai, Chen Wang, Wu Yao, Changfu Hao
Chemosphere.2023; 313: 137460. CrossRef
HDAC1 and HDAC2 Double Knockout Triggers Cell Apoptosis in Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Ching-Ling Lin, Ming-Lin Tsai, Chun-Yu Lin, Kai-Wen Hsu, Wen-Shyang Hsieh, Wei-Ming Chi, Li-Chi Huang, Chia-Hwa Lee
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(2): 454. CrossRef

Perspective

Horses as a Potential Reservoir of Lyme Borreliosis in Jeju-do, Korea: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(4):213-214. Published online June 7, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.081

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Abstract PDF

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in North America, and it was designated as a national notifiable infectious disease in Korea in December 2010. While no cases in Jeju-do were recorded from 2012 to 2016, a recent survey reported that the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in horses in Jeju-do was 19.0% (95% confidence interval, 12.0 to 28.3%). This fact suggests that horses may be a potential reservoir of LB in Jeju-do and that individuals in close contact with horses may be a high-risk group. Thus, a serological study in this high-risk group is urgently needed.

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Special Article

Strategies for Appropriate Patient-centered Care to Decrease the Nationwide Cost of Cancers in Korea: Jong-Myon Bae; J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(4):217-227. Published online June 16, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.069

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

In terms of years of life lost to premature mortality, cancer imposes the highest burden in Korea. In order to reduce the burden of cancer, the Korean government has implemented cancer control programs aiming to reduce cancer incidence, to increase survival rates, and to decrease cancer mortality. However, these programs may paradoxically increase the cost burden. For examples, a cancer screening program for early detection could bring about over-diagnosis and over-treatment, and supplying medical services in a paternalistic manner could lead to defensive medicine or futile care. As a practical measure to reduce the cost burden of cancer, appropriate cancer care should be established. Ensuring appropriateness requires patient-doctor communication to ensure that utility values are shared and that autonomous decisions are made regarding medical services. Thus, strategies for reducing the cost burden of cancer through ensuring appropriate patient-centered care include introducing value-based medicine, conducting cost-utility studies, and developing patient decision aids.

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A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation of Thyroid Cancer
Mijin Kim, Woojin Lim, Kyungsik Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Byung Joo Lee, Bon Seok Koo, Eun Kyung Lee, Eu Jeong Ku, June Young Choi, Bo Hyun Kim, Sue K. Park
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Review

Breast Density and Risk of Breast Cancer in Asian Women: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies: Jong-Myon Bae, Eun Hee Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(6):367-375. Published online October 21, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.054

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The established theory that breast density is an independent predictor of breast cancer risk is based on studies targeting white women in the West. More Asian women than Western women have dense breasts, but the incidence of breast cancer is lower among Asian women. This meta-analysis investigated the association between breast density in mammography and breast cancer risk in Asian women.
Methods
PubMed and Scopus were searched, and the final date of publication was set as December 31, 2015. The effect size in each article was calculated using the interval-collapse method. Summary effect sizes (sESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by conducting a meta-analysis applying a random effect model. To investigate the dose-response relationship, random effect dose-response meta-regression (RE-DRMR) was conducted.
Results
Six analytical epidemiology studies in total were selected, including one cohort study and five case-control studies. A total of 17 datasets were constructed by type of breast density index and menopausal status. In analyzing the subgroups of premenopausal vs. postmenopausal women, the percent density (PD) index was confirmed to be associated with a significantly elevated risk for breast cancer (sES, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.52 to 3.21; I²=50.0%). The RE-DRMR results showed that the risk of breast cancer increased 1.73 times for each 25% increase in PD in postmenopausal women (95% CI, 1.20 to 2.47).
Conclusions
In Asian women, breast cancer risk increased with breast density measured using the PD index, regardless of menopausal status. We propose the further development of a breast cancer risk prediction model based on the application of PD in Asian women.

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